Erebus (inset) and of Warren Cave, Huberts Nightmare, and Harrys Dream in relation to landmarks including the Lower Erebus Hut, the Erebus main crater and Tramway Ridge. Located near Mount Erebus in the Ross Dependency, it is New Zealand's main base in Antarctica. It was named after Captain Robert Falcon Scott, Royal Navy, leader of two British expeditions to the Ross Sea area of Antarctica. Important volcanic episodes include: astonishingly voluminous mafic and felsic volcanic deposits associated with the Jurassic break-up of Gondwana the construction and progressive demise of a major Jurassic to Present continental arc, including back-arc alkaline basalts and volcanism in a young ensialic marginal basin Miocene to Pleistocene mafic volcanism associated with post-subduction slab-window formation numerous Neogene alkaline volcanoes, including the massive Erebus volcano and its persistent phonolitic lava lake, that are widely distributed within and adjacent to one of the world's major zones of lithospheric extension (the West Antarctic Rift System) and very young ultrapotassic volcanism erupted subglacially and forming a world-wide type example (Gaussberg). Erebus, Antarctica and pictures of the ice caves.Left top: The locations of Mt. Scott Base is a base located at 7751S 16645E in Antarctica, operated by New Zealand. It is the sixth-highest ultra mountain on the continent. Each is described in terms of (1) the volcanology and eruptive palaeoenvironments (2) petrology and origin of magma and (3) active volcanism, including tephrochronology. Mount Erebus ( /rbs/) is the second-highest volcano in Antarctica (after Mount Sidley), the highest active volcano in Antarctica, and the southernmost active volcano on Earth. The measure-ments were obtained by ground-based ultraviolet (UV) differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) using scattered Sunlight. An entirely volcanic island in the Ross Sea off the coast of Antarctica in McMurdo Sound at 7730'S 16800'E, Ross Island is made up of four volcanoes including Mount Erebus, the worlds most southerly active volcano 3,794m (12,448ft) high and one of a very few worldwide with a permanent lava lake in the crater. The volume is an amalgamation of in-depth syntheses, which are presented within distinctly different tectonic settings. Erebus, Antarctica (summit altitude 3794m above sea level). This memoir is the first to review all of Antarctica's volcanism between 200 million years ago and the Present.
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